Thrace to the Atlas, the Caucasus to Iberia. c. 2000 BCE to 1500 CE
Gods of the peoples at Rome’s frontiers: Thracians, Illyrians, Lusitanians, Georgians, Ossetians and Amazigh. Many survive only as names on Latin dedications.
Bendisben-disThe Thracian Huntress — patroness of the moon and the wild animalsZalmoxiszal-mok-sisThe Deified Hero — Thracian teacher of the immortal soulKotysko-tysThe Thracian Goddess of Orgiastic Rites — patroness of mystery initiationDerzelasder-ze-lasThe Great God of Odessos — Thracian deity of life-force and fertilityPleistorospleis-to-rosThracian War-God — receiver of human sacrificeThe Thracian Horsemanthe thra-cian hor-se-manHeros — votive hero-cult of the deified ancestor
Bindusbin-dusWater-God of the Iapodes — patron of the springs at PrivlikaMedaurosme-dau-rosThe Warrior-God of Risinium — patron of the Adriatic coastVidasusvi-da-susForest-God of the Western Balkans — Roman Silvanus in Illyrian guiseThanatha-naGoddess of the Hunt — paired with VidasusEiaeiaThe Histrian Goddess — local protectress of Pula
Endovelicusen-do-ve-li-cusOracular Healing-God of Lusitania — patron of dream incubationAtaecinaa-tae-ci-naChthonic Goddess of Lusitania — receiver of curse-tabletsBanduaban-duaThe Local Tutelary Deity — patron of the small Lusitanian communityReuereueThe Lusitanian Sky-God — sovereignty and the heavensNabiana-biaGoddess of Springs and Rivers — patroness of the Atlantic watersCariocecusca-rio-ce-cusLusitanian War-God — equivalent of Roman Mars
Ghmertighmer-tiThe Supreme Creator-God of Pre-Christian GeorgiaKviriakvi-riaThe Mediator-God — intermediary between Ghmerti and humankindArmaziar-ma-ziIranian-Influenced High God — patron of the ancient Georgian capitalDalida-liThe Caucasian Goddess of the Hunt — wild golden mistress of the mountain
Donbettyrdon-bet-tyrGod of the Waters — lord of the rivers and the seaSatanasa-ta-naThe Mother of the Narts — wise counselor of the heroic clanUastyrdzhiuas-tyrdz-hiPatron of Warriors and Wayfarers — the Christianized Saint GeorgeWærhagwær-hagThe Smith-God — forger of the magical weapons of the NartsBatrazbat-razThe Steel Hero — Nart warrior of supernatural temperSoslansos-lanThe Solar Hero — Nart warrior of the sunSosrykosos-ry-koThe Trickster-Hero of the Narts — fire-bringer, defeater of giants by guile
Anzaran-zarThe Berber Rain-God — invoked in the drought ceremoniesGurzilgur-zilThe Berber War-God — bull-headed warrior of the desert tribesIfriif-riThe Berber Cave-Goddess — patroness of the sanctuary-caveBonchorbon-chorNumidian Local Deity — patron of a tribal sanctuaryAulisuaau-li-suaMauretanian Local Deity — patron of a regional sanctuary
