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A Compendium of the Ancient Gods

Themes

Kingship and law

139 gods of kingship and law, across nine rooms, in the order the rooms are walked.

The Cradle of Cities

31 works

Alalu, plate — Alalu a-la-lu First King of Heaven — Deposed in the Kumarbi Cycle

Anshar, plate — Anshar an-shar Lord of the Heaven-Horizon — primordial god of the upper sky

Anu, plate — Anu ah-noo An — Lord of the Sky, head of the elder pantheon

Ashur, plate — Ashur a-shur National God of Assyria

Baal, plate — Baal baal The Rider on the Clouds — Hadad of Ugarit

Ba'Al Hammon, plate — Ba'Al Hammon ba-'al ham-mon Lord of the Brazier — chief god of Carthage

Dumuzi, plate — Dumuzi du-mu-zi The Faithful Son — shepherd-king, beloved of Inanna

El, plate — El el The Bull, Father of the Gods — Canaanite high god

Enlil, plate — Enlil en-lil Lord Wind — King of the Gods, Lord of Nippur

Gilgamesh, plate — Gilgamesh gil-gah-mesh Two Parts God and One Part Man — King of Uruk and Seeker of Immortality

Hepat, plate — Hepat he-pat Queen of Heaven — Hurrian consort of Teshub

Ishtar of Nineveh, plate — Ishtar of Nineveh ish-tar of ni-ne-veh The Lady of Nineveh — Assyrian Ishtar

Kumarbi, plate — Kumarbi koo-mar-bee Father of the Gods — the Hurrian elder god

Lametrus, plate — Lametrus la-met-rus Lydian Sky-Father — Identified with Zeus

Lelwani, plate — Lelwani lel-wa-ni The Sun-Goddess of the Earth — Queen of the Hittite Underworld

Lugalbanda, plate — Lugalbanda lu-gal-ban-da Father of Gilgamesh — Eighth King of the First Dynasty of Uruk

Marduk, plate — Marduk mar-dook Lord of Babylon — Bel

Melqart, plate — Melqart mel-qart King of the City — Tutelary God of Tyre, Whose Pyre Burned at His Festival

Mullissu, plate — Mullissu mul-lis-su Queen of the Assyrian Pantheon — Consort of Ashur

Ninshubur, plate — Ninshubur nin-shu-bur The Faithful Vizier — minister of Inanna and Anu

Nisroch, plate — Nisroch nis-roch The God in Whose Temple Sennacherib Was Slain

Sarpanit, plate — Sarpanit sar-pa-nit The Silvery One — Queen of Babylon, Consort of Marduk

Sharruma, plate — Sharruma shar-ru-ma Son of Teshub and Hebat — Royal Protector

Tarhunt, plate — Tarhunt tar-hunt Hittite Storm-God — Slayer of the Illuyanka

Tarhunza, plate — Tarhunza tar-hun-za The Luwian Storm-God

Teshub, plate — Teshub teh-shoob The Storm — Hurrian sky-king, son of Kumarbi

The Anunnaki, plate — The Anunnaki the a-nun-na-ki The Princely Seed — the assembled great gods

The Kudurru Deities, plate — The Kudurru Deities the ku-dur-ru dei-ties Witnesses upon the Boundary Stones

The Sun Goddess of Arinna, plate — The Sun Goddess of Arinna the sun god-dess of a-rin-na Patroness of the Hittite King

Yam, plate — Yam yam Prince Sea — Judge River — defeated of Baal

Zababa, plate — Zababa za-ba-ba War-God of Hattusa — Sworn Witness of Hittite Treaties

The Gift of the Nile

22 works

Amun, plate — Amun ah-moon The Hidden God — Lord of Thebes

Apis, plate — Apis a-pis The Sacred Bull of Memphis

Aten, plate — Aten a-ten The Disk of the Sun — sole god of Akhenaten

Atum, plate — Atum a-tum The Self-Created — first god of the Heliopolitan cosmogony

Banebdjedet, plate — Banebdjedet ba-nebd-je-det The Ram of Mendes — soul of Osiris in the Delta

Hapi, plate — Hapi ha-pi God of the Inundation — the river itself

Horus, plate — Horus hor-us The Falcon — avenger and rightful king

Hu, plate — Hu hu The authoritative utterance — divine command made manifest

Isis, plate — Isis eye-sis The Great of Magic — wife of Osiris, mother of Horus

Maat, plate — Maat maat Truth, Order, Justice — feather of judgment

Min, plate — Min min The Fertility God of Coptos

Montu, plate — Montu mon-tu The Falcon of Hermonthis — Theban war-god

Mut, plate — Mut mut The Great Mother of Thebes

Nekhbet, plate — Nekhbet nekh-bet The White Vulture of Upper Egypt

Osiris, plate — Osiris oh-sye-ris Lord of the Dead — slain king and judge of souls

Ra, plate — Ra ra The Sun — daily king of heaven

Satis, plate — Satis sa-tis Mistress of Elephantine — archer-goddess of the southern frontier

Seshat, plate — Seshat se-shat Lady of the Library — goddess of writing, measurement, and architecture

Sia, plate — Sia sia The perceiving mind — divine intelligence made manifest

Sobek, plate — Sobek so-bek The Crocodile God of the Fayyum

Wadjet, plate — Wadjet wad-jet The Cobra of Lower Egypt

Wosret, plate — Wosret wos-ret The Mighty One — old Theban consort of Amun

The Olympian Order

15 works

Aion, plate — Aion eye-on Eternity — the unbounded age

Antigone, plate — Antigone an-tig-uh-nee Daughter of Oedipus, who buried her brother and was buried alive

Cronus, plate — Cronus kroh-nus King of the Titans — father of Zeus

Hera, plate — Hera heer-ah Queen of the Gods — wife of Zeus, patroness of marriage

Jason, plate — Jason jay-sun Captain of the Argonauts — winner of the Golden Fleece

Odysseus, plate — Odysseus oh-dis-ee-us The Wily — wanderer of the Odyssey

Oedipus, plate — Oedipus ed-ih-pus King of Thebes, who slew his father and married his mother in ignorance

Perseus, plate — Perseus pur-see-us Slayer of the Gorgon — founder of Mycenae

Priam, plate — Priam pry-am King of Troy, who outlived his sons and saw the fall of his city

The Great Sinners, plate — The Great Sinners the great sin-ners Sisyphus, Tantalus, and Ixion — the three condemned to eternal torment in Tartarus

The Horae, plate — The Horae the hor-eye The Seasons — Eunomia, Dike, Eirene

Themis, plate — Themis thee-mis Divine Order — counselor of the gods

Theseus, plate — Theseus thee-see-us Athenian Hero — slayer of the Minotaur

Uranus, plate — Uranus yoor-uh-nus The Sky — first king of heaven

Zeus, plate — Zeus zoos King of the Gods — Lord of Olympus

The Persian World

10 works

Ahura Mazda, plate — Ahura Mazda ah-hoor-ah maz-dah The Wise Lord — supreme creator of all that is good

Aži Dahāka, plate — Aži Dahāka a-ži da-hā-ka The Three-Headed Dragon — Zahhāk in the Persian tradition; cosmic adversary

Khshathra Vairya, plate — Khshathra Vairya khshath-ra vai-rya Ideal Dominion — patron of metals, principle of just rule

Khvarenah, plate — Khvarenah khva-re-nah Royal Glory — the divine charisma of the rightful king

Mithra, plate — Mithra mith-ra Lord of the Covenant — the Iranian Mithra, ancestor of the Roman Mithras

Nairyosanha, plate — Nairyosanha nai-ryo-san-ha The Manly Utterance — messenger between gods and men

Rashnu, plate — Rashnu rash-nu Justice — judge at the Chinvat Bridge

Thraetaona, plate — Thraetaona thrae-tao-na The Dragon-Slayer — Faridun in the Shahnameh; conqueror of Aži Dahāka

Verethragna, plate — Verethragna ve-reth-rag-na Victory — Bahram in the later tradition; the Iranian war-god

Yima, plate — Yima yi-ma The First King — Jamshid in the later tradition; ruler of the golden age

The Levantine Borderlands

8 works

Baalshamin, plate — Baalshamin bah-al-shah-meen Lord of Heaven — late Aramaean sky-god

Bel, plate — Bel bel Chief God of Palmyra — equivalent to the Babylonian Marduk and the Greek Zeus

Dushara, plate — Dushara doo-shah-rah Chief God of the Nabataeans — patron of Petra, lord of the mountain

Hadad, plate — Hadad ha-dad The Aramaean Storm-God — Iuppiter Heliopolitanus of Baalbek

Hubal, plate — Hubal hu-bal The Oracular God of Mecca — divination by arrows at the Ka'ba

Obodas, plate — Obodas o-bo-das The Deified Nabataean King — royal apotheosis at Avdat

Qaus, plate — Qaus qaus The Edomite Bow-Bearer — national god of Edom and Nabataea

Simios, plate — Simios si-mios Sun-God of Hierapolis — kingly companion of Atargatis

The Edges of Empire

4 works

Armazi, plate — Armazi ar-ma-zi Iranian-Influenced High God — patron of the ancient Georgian capital

Aulisua, plate — Aulisua au-li-sua Mauretanian Local Deity — patron of a regional sanctuary

Ghmerti, plate — Ghmerti ghmer-ti The Supreme Creator-God of Pre-Christian Georgia

Reue, plate — Reue reue The Lusitanian Sky-God — sovereignty and the heavens

The Etruscan World

5 works

Aita, plate — Aita ai-ta The Etruscan Lord of the Underworld — equivalent to Greek Hades

Phersipnai, plate — Phersipnai pher-sip-nai The Etruscan Queen of the Dead — borrowed from Greek Persephone

Tinia, plate — Tinia tee-nee-ah The Etruscan Sky-King — wielder of three thunderbolts

Uni, plate — Uni u-ni The Etruscan Queen of Heaven — consort of Tinia, identified with Phoenician Astarte

Voltumna, plate — Voltumna vol-tum-na Chief God of the Etruscan League — at whose sanctuary the Twelve Cities met

The Roman Inheritance

23 works

Aeneas, plate — Aeneas eh-nee-as The Pious Trojan — Founder of the Roman Lineage

Bellona, plate — Bellona bel-lo-na Goddess of War — sister and companion of Mars

Concordia, plate — Concordia con-cor-dia The Goddess of Civic Harmony

Egeria, plate — Egeria e-ge-ria The Water-Nymph and Counselor of King Numa Pompilius

Fides, plate — Fides fi-des The Goddess of Sworn Faith

Genius, plate — Genius ge-nius Personal Divine Companion

Genius Augusti, plate — Genius Augusti ge-nius au-gus-ti The Numen of the Emperor — divine spirit of the ruling Augustus

Honos, plate — Honos ho-nos The Personified Honor — Roman virtue made divine

Awaiting its plate

Janus ja-nus God of Beginnings, Doorways, and the Two-Faced Gaze

Libertas, plate — Libertas li-ber-tas Goddess of Liberty — Roman political freedom personified

Pax, plate — Pax pax Goddess of Peace — particularly the Augustan Pax Romana

Pietas, plate — Pietas pie-tas The Goddess of Right Devotion

Quirinus, plate — Quirinus kwee-ree-nus Deified Romulus — Third God of the Archaic Roman Triad

Roma, plate — Roma ro-ma The Personified City — divine guardian of Rome herself

Romulus, plate — Romulus ro-mu-lus Founder of Rome — Deified as Quirinus

Salus, plate — Salus sa-lus Goddess of Health and the Public Welfare

Saturn, plate — Saturn sa-turn Italic God of Sowing — King of the Golden Age

Serapis, plate — Serapis se-ra-pis Hellenistic Egyptian-Greek God — see also Apis (Volume II)

Sol Invictus, plate — Sol Invictus sol in-vic-tus The Unconquered Sun — Imperial Solar Cult

Spes, plate — Spes spes Goddess of Hope — particularly hope for political and personal success

Terminus, plate — Terminus ter-mi-nus God of the Boundary-Stone

Victoria, plate — Victoria vic-to-ria Goddess of Victory — the winged power who crowned the conqueror

Virtus, plate — Virtus vir-tus Goddess of Manly Excellence — paired with Honos

The Northern Inheritance

21 works

Bran the Blessed, plate — Bran the Blessed bran the bles-sed Giant King of Britain — His Severed Head a Talisman

Dagda, plate — Dagda dag-da The Good God — Father of the Tuatha Dé

Forseti, plate — Forseti for-se-ti God of Justice — Son of Baldr

Freyr, plate — Freyr frayr Lord of the Vanir — God of Plenty and Peace

Gefjon, plate — Gefjon gef-jon The Goddess Who Plowed Zealand from Sweden — patroness of virgins

Heimdallr, plate — Heimdallr heim-dallr Watchman of the Gods — Guardian of Bifrost

Awaiting its plate

Isten is-ten The Magyar Sky-God — His Name Now the Word for God — Hungarian

Awaiting its plate

Louhi lou-hi Mistress of Pohjola — Witch-Queen of the North — Finnic

Lugh, plate — Lugh lugh The Many-Skilled — Hero-God of Light and Crafts

Math Fab Mathonwy, Gwydion, plate — Math Fab Mathonwy, Gwydion math fab ma-thon-wy, gwy-dion The Welsh Magician-King and his Sister's Son — and the woman made of flowers

Medb, plate — Medb medb Queen of Connacht — instigator of the Cattle Raid of Cooley

Morrígan, plate — Morrígan mor-rí-gan The Phantom Queen — Goddess of Battle and Sovereignty

Nuada Airgetlám, plate — Nuada Airgetlám nua-da air-get-lám Nuada of the Silver Hand — King of the Tuatha Dé

Perun, plate — Perun peh-roon God of Thunder — Chief of the Kievan Pantheon

Rhiannon, plate — Rhiannon rhian-non Welsh Goddess of Sovereignty — Lady of Horses

Awaiting its plate

Turul tu-rul The Mythical Bird — Founder of the Magyar Royal House — Hungarian

Týr, plate — Týr týr God of Single Combat and Sworn Oaths

Awaiting its plate

Ukko uk-ko The Old Man — Sky-God and Thunderer — Finnic

Vili and Vé, plate — Vili and Vé vi-li and vé Odin's Brothers — co-creators of the human race

Awaiting its plate

Zojz zojz Albanian Sky-God — The Indo-European Sky-Father Preserved — Albanian

Awaiting its plate

Zojz zojz Albanian Sky-God — The Indo-European Sky-Father Preserved — Albanian